1056 adsorbent" that aligns with circular-economy principles by utilizing an abundant, low-cost agricultural resource to address complex environmental challenges. Consequently, MOS presents a promising, ecofriendly solution for water remediation that minimizes the economic and technical barriers often associated with conventional synthetic adsorbents. This study contributes to global initiatives regarding environmental protection and technological advancement by fostering the development of efficient, sustainable remediation strategies. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was financially supported by: UID/04028 of the CERENA—Research Center for Natural Resources and Environment—CERENA—funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P./MCTES through the national funds. The work is developed under the FCT scholarship UI/BD/152300/2021 of the Research Centre for Natural Resources and Environment—CERENA and under the funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe framework programme under the grant agreement no. 101138460. REFERENCES Xu, C., Wang, J., Yang, T., Chen, X., Liu, X., & Ding, X. (2015). Adsorption of uranium by amidoximated chitosan-grafted polyacrylonitrile, using response surface methodology. Carbohydrate Polymers, 121, 79–85. Al-Shomali Z, Pereira A, Marques AC, Dinis ML (2025). State-of-the-Art Review on Removal of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Water. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2025; 22(5):727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050727 Chung, A.P., Sousa, T., Pereira, A., & Morais, P.V. (2014). Microorganisms–tools for bioremediation of uranium contaminated environments. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 8, 53-58. EU European Commission (2021). Pathway to a healthy planet for all: EU action plan "Towards zero pollution for air, water and soil" (COM/2021/400 final). EUR-Lex. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52021DC0400 Liu, Y., Biswas, B., Hassan, M., & Naidu, R. (2024). Green Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation: Synthesis Methods, Ecotoxicity, and Reusability Prospects. In Processes (Vol. 12, Issue 6). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12061195 Zemskova, L. A., & Egorin, A. M. (2024). Chitosan-based composite materials – sorbents for the purification of liquid radioactive waste. Vestnik of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Hamza, M. F., et al. (2021). Review of biomass-based materials for uranium adsorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials. El-Naggar, M. R., et al. (2022). Green biochar-based adsorbent for radiocesium removal. Chemosphere. Al-Shaybe, M., et al. (2020). The Removal of Uranium and Thorium from Their Aqueous Solutions by 8Hydroxyquinoline Immobilized Bentonite. Minerals. Shi, J., Jiang, L., et al. (2024). Efficient Separation of Uranium(VI) by CaCO3-Doped Chitosan with PO43– Modification: Adsorption Behaviors and Mechanism Study. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, 6(9).
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