1109 2025-EM). Likewise, if the community or local, regional, or national governments are interested in the economically viable "alternative use" of any facility or infrastructure belonging to a mining unit for public use or interest, they must jointly request with the owner of the mining activity that said facility or infrastructure be excluded from the closure commitments (Art. 18 of DS 033-2005-EM, amended by DS 037-2017-EM). However, with regard to the closure of mining liabilities, current legislation favorably considers regulations that, through amendments to the Liability Closure Law and its Regulations, have clarified definitions regarding generators, voluntary remediators, and those who request "alternative use," in addition to reuse. The State promotes private sector participation in the remediation of areas with mining environmental liabilities, under any modality permitted by current legislation (Article 14 of DS 003-2009EM). Figure 2 shows the evolution of regulations. Figure 2 - Timeline showing the evolution of specific regulations Alternative use consists of conditioning the mining environmental liability for productive, "tourist," cultural, "recreational," sports, or other activities, provided that it is requested by the local government or local governments in the area where the environmental liabilities are located. Such conditioning shall not pose a risk to human health or the environment (paragraph 4.11 incorporated by Article 2 of DS 003-2009EM). In the case of Peru, its mining history includes many mines and facilities located in different regions, particularly in the high Andean areas near towns and cities that originated from this activity. For a long time, these towns depended on mining until the mines were depleted or abandoned because they were no longer profitable, leaving these towns to fend for themselves. 6.3 Changes to Ensure the Viability and Success of Mining Tourism For mines currently in operation, closure regulations must be updated to include incentives allowing mining operators to repurpose certain components—such as camps, interpretation centers, observation decks, access points, or auxiliary facilities—for tourism. This should be done provided that physical, chemical, and hydrological stability is ensured, and there are no risks to human health or the environment. Currently, the regulations allow for certain subsequent uses of the land or facilities, but do not explicitly address mining tourism as a specific objective within closure plans; therefore, it is necessary to clarify this possibility in the sectoral regulations (Supreme Decree No. 006-2025-EM; Supreme Decree No. 037-2017-EM). While sectoral regulations on mine closure have been updated through 2025, the same is not true for regulations on the closure of mining environmental liabilities, the last substantial amendment to which dates back to 2009. Furthermore, even in recent updates to the Regulations for Mine Closure, references to subsequent use remain primarily associated with land use or public interest purposes, without explicitly
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