1207 In 2012, the Benkovski 1 tailings storage facility underwent full technical and biological reclamation (Fig. 5). Following the completion of these remediation measures, the facility achieved longterm environmental stability and no longer constitutes a source of dust emissions. The successful closure and rehabilitation of Benkovski 1 demonstrate effective risk mitigation and compliance with environmental standards, fully eliminating post-operational risks to the environment and local communities. Figure 5 – The complete reclamation of the Benkovski 1 tailings dam Since the Benkovski 2 tailings dam is still in operation, reclamation is applied progressively. Technical reclamation is followed by biological restoration through the introduction of selected plant species whose root systems stabilize the soil cover and enhance slope integrity (Fig. 6). This approach reduces erosion caused by precipitation and supports long-term slope stability, contributing to land degradation neutrality and ecosystem protection objectives consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals. Figure 6 – Part of the implemented reclamation measures at the Benkovski 2 tailings dam In sections where reclamation has not yet been carried out, irrigation is applied to sustain surface moisture and minimize dust emissions from inactive tailings slopes and beach areas. Upon completion of the concession period, all exposed slopes are expected to undergo full reclamation, while the remaining flat areas
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