1247 - Feed variability and material complexity, which affect selectivity, reagent demand, product quality, and stability. - Integration and infrastructure, including compatibility with existing circuits, utilities, water balance, and residue handling. - Regulation and market conditions, including discharge standards, permitting, and specification requirements for recovered products. - Collaboration and governance, including partnerships with technology providers or universities and decision frameworks for scale-up. - These conditions are repeatedly cited as practical constraints, but they are rarely translated into standardized indicators or comparable reporting templates. 5.3 Organizational learning, culture, and transferability The organizational lens highlights that culture and learning are rarely operationalized in mining circularity papers, despite repeated indirect references to adoption barriers, governance needs, and scale-up constraints. This suggests a research opportunity to integrate established culture–learning–performance constructs into mining circularity studies, enabling explanations of why similar technologies succeed in some settings and stall in others. Transferability of recovery pathways across commodities and contexts is likely to depend not only on chemistry and engineering fit but also on disciplined routines for monitoring, knowledge capture, standardization, and continuous improvement (Crossan et al., 1999; Cohen & Levinthal, 1990; Teece, 2007). 5.4 Practical framework for technology, trust, and transformation To support implementable outcomes, the paper proposes a framework that links: inputs (waste stream families) / mechanisms (recovery pathways) / outputs and process metrics / operational indicators / economic effects, with deployment conditions and enabling practices (learning routines, disciplined execution, data routines) as the bridge from technical feasibility to stable performance. Figure 2 summarizes this framework visually. Figure 2 - Proposal framework
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