1359 certified training programs. These programs focus on women and youth for installation and maintenance tasks, establishing a business model where the system's operation generates qualified local employment. Regarding the Economy line, initiatives focused on the agro-industrialization of local products were prioritized to create value chains that replace thermal coal rents. Strategies include strengthening crops such as watermelon (patilla) and corn, adding value through processing (e.g., production of jams and derivatives). Additionally, the plan includes the reactivation of the traditional livestock fair and the promotion of sustainable tourism, connecting the agricultural vocation with new market opportunities. In the Education and Governance lines, the plan integrates projects to align the training offer with the productive vocation of the land and strengthen social control. The Local JSET Observatory was constituted as a permanent system for monitoring impact indicators, designed to ensure transparency in the execution of transition resources. Finally, in the Environmental Sustainability line, protocols for the management of technological waste were incorporated, specifically anticipating the handling of batteries and solar components to avoid future environmental liabilities derived from technological substitution. 5. DISCUSSION he discussion of the results obtained through the implementation of the Observatories of Territorial Transformations (OTT) model allows interpreting the complexity of landing national energy transition policy in local contexts of high extractive dependence. Interpretation of results: The gap between policy and territory The analysis of findings evidences a structural disconnection between the national decarbonization agenda and the socioeconomic reality of the Cesar Corridor. While national policy prioritizes emission reduction and technological change, Module 1 data demonstrate that for the territory, the priority is economic survival in the face of the withdrawal of thermal coal mining rents. This gap is quantitatively reflected in the rejection by 36.4% of the population of a definition of transition focused exclusively on environmental variables, contrasted with the majority acceptance of approaches that integrate labor and social variables (ICSI, 2025). The results suggest that "Just Transition" is not an abstract concept for communities, but a management demand in the face of the risk of economic affectation. Therefore, the operational territorial planning described in Module 3 should not be interpreted only as a public investment exercise, but as a social stabilization mechanism necessary to politically enable the change of the energy matrix in the country. Barriers and enablers for implementation The process identified critical barriers limiting the speed and effectiveness of the transition. The main barrier is the fiscal and cultural dependence on thermal coal. With municipalities like La Jagua de Ibirico depending 94% on mining revenues (ICSI, 2024), local investment capacity to diversify the economy is paradoxically dependent on the very industry intended to be replaced. Added to this is a barrier of trust; the fragmentation of the social fabric and weakness in local governance have generated deep-seated skepticism towards institutional promises. However, the OTT model acted as a key enabler by introducing the concept of "social appropriation of knowledge." By democratizing access to technical data on tariffs, royalties, and employability, the dialogue table was leveled. Another identified enabler was the willingness for multistakeholder articulation; despite tensions, the private sector and civil society coincided on the urgent need for economic diversification.
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