1745 In LCA, environmental impacts are quantified in the LCIA phase, and the LCI phase provides a list of elementary flows (i.e., inputs such as resources and outputs such as emissions into air, water, and soil, and waste generation). This means that from LCA, two types of results can be quantified: environmental impacts and elementary flows. For comparison, the LCI results for elementary flows related to air emissions are used to compare with those obtained from the DAE method. 3. CASE STUDY The quarry considered in the study is located in Europe. The quarry produces multiple aggregate products with different size fractions. Figure 108 presents the flowsheet of the quarry, which shows various operations are performed at the site, starting from drilling and blasting to extract rock material, followed by material handling (loading, transport, and feeding), and a production process consisting of a processing circuit with multiple-stage crushing and classification processes at the crushing plant. At a crushing plant, a processing circuit configuration comprising equipment such as horizontal shaft impact crushers, screens, conveyors, bins, and splitters processes the extracted rock material to produce multiple size fractions of Figure 107 - System boundary assessed in this study. Table 36 – Emission source and the type of emission considered in the DAE estimation method. Emission source Emissions Drilling and Blasting TSP, PM10, and PM2.5; explosive use-related emissions: NOx, CO2. Material processing Material processing diffused emissions: Dust, including TSP, PM10, and PM2.5. Material processing stack emissions: Dust, including TSP, PM10, and PM2.5. Internal transport in the quarry TSP, PM10, and PM2.5; fuel combustion-emissions, including TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, NOx, CO2, Material handling Dust, including TSP, PM10, and PM2.5. Wind erosion from stockpiles Dust, including TSP, PM10, and PM2.5. Driling and blasting Concrete production, railways, buildings and road construction, etc. Material and Energy Material and Energy Waste and Emissions Material and Energy Material handling Waste and Emissions Fine Coarse Crushing plant Excavation Waste and Emissions External transport
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