1842 Figure3 - Criteria for Defining the METRHI Territorial Scope The territorial scope of METRHI was defined based on fourth- and fifth-order watercourses, with the Ichuña River identified as the main watercourse. According to political and administrative criteria, the delimited hydrographic unit extends across the Moquegua and Puno regions. However, due to the complexity of interregional coordination processes, only the portion located within the Moquegua region was considered. The delimitation process also considered the communities and water users located within the identified territory, extending beyond the mining project’s direct area of influence. These criteria were validated by the participating stakeholders during the establishment process and incorporated into the technical dossier submitted for the formal creation of METRHI, to be evaluated and approved by the National Water Authority. 5.2 Conditions and Precedents for the Establishment of METRHI Between January and October 2025, a multisectoral dialogue process was conducted in Ichuña to address social demands related to local development, mining activity, and water management. Within this context, an initiative led by the ALA Tambo Alto Tambo Local, in coordination with key territorial actors such as the local government of Ichuña and Buenaventura Mining Company, emerged with the objective of strengthening water governance and management. This process led to the decision to establish METRHI within the framework of the Water Resources Law. From this early stage, the ALA Tambo Alto Tambo played an active role by providing technical information, particularly on water availability, water quality, the allocation of water-use rights, the status of irrigation infrastructure, and other factors critical to defining local water-related challenges. However, it is important to recognize the broader context and precedents that also contributed to the creation of METRHI. On February 19, 2025, representatives from the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (PCM), the Ministry of Energy and Mines (MINEM), the District Municipality of Ichuña, the Regional Government of Moquegua, Buenaventura, and social organizations agreed to establish a temporary working group to review the Development Fund and promote territorial development measures. This agreement included the participation of entities with environmental and water-related mandates, among them the ANA, through its local office (ALA), given the relevance of water issues in the territory and the need for technical information to support decision-making within the working group. Subsequently, through Ministerial Resolution No. 076-2025-MINEM/DM, issued on March 10, 2025, the “Executive Roundtable to Address the Development of the District of Ichuña” was formally established. In compliance with this resolution, the PCM officially invited ANA to appoint a representative, a role that was fulfilled within the framework of the SNGRH, by the ALA Tambo Alto Tambo.
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