2171 2. METHOD The research follows the theory of strategic planning, specifically regarding investment promotion strategies, which integrate the diagnosis of dimensions, the evaluation and formulation of strategies and plans oriented toward achieving a vision—in this case, an agenda of “sustainable development.” This theory also suggests that every plan should include monitoring and control mechanisms for corrective measures and/or continuous improvement, precisely to measure the “sustainability of the mining sector” through its indicator (ISSM). Figure 1 summarizes the overall picture of the theory and the scope of the research. This is an applied research study; a descriptive method, a lesson-learned study; a documentary, nonexperimental design. The population analyzed consists of the results of the mining investment promotion process implemented in Peru from 1990 to 2025, using a non-probability sample. Two successful cases of investment promotion in mining projects in Peru (Antamina and Las Bambas) were selected by convenience sampling. The independent variable (x) is the Investment Promotion Strategy; and its dimensions are: x1: International Environment for Promoting Mining Investments (International Competitiveness) with a weight of 40%; x2: Governance (internal competitiveness) with a weight of 40%; and x3: Lessons learned and continuous improvement of the Promotion Strategy (Experience or Knowledge) with a weight of 20%. The assessment of xij indicators is green when the range value varies from 70% to 100% (opportunity, strength); yellow when the range varies from 50% to 70% (medium, average); and red when the range is less than 50%, which signifies risk or weakness. The sustainability of the mining sector is a dependent variable (y), and its indicator is the mining sector sustainability index (ISSM), which is a function of x: y = f(x) = 40%x1 + 40%x2 + 20%x3, as described in Figure 1. Figure 1 – Theory and the scope of the research MINING INVESTMENT PROMOTION STRATEGY (x) Sustainable Development üVariables: x: Independent y=f(x): Dependent üDimensions (xi) / Indicators (xij) üDiagnosis / Weight üIndicator: Mining Sector Sustainability Index (ISSM) and THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE MINING SECTOR (y=f(x)) üMonitoring, Control, Lessons Learned, Continuous Improvement üMatrix of external and internal factors; internal and external matrix. International Context (x1) x11: Global environmental problems x12: Sustainable Development Goals x13: Climate-Smart Mining x14: International minerals market x15: Political Perception Index in attracting mining investment Governance / Internal Competitiveness (x2) x21: Constitutional and legal framework x22: State policies x23: Mining Potential x24: Evolution of the Economy x25: Mining Investment x26: Mining Socio-Environmental Conflict Lessons learned (x3) x31: Experience in Promoting Investments (1990-2025) x32: Experience in executing mining projects for 5 years (Antamina) x33: Experience in Conflict Management (Las Bambas) 40% 40% 20% y=f(x)=40%x1+40%x2+20%x3 Assessment: Range (%) High, strength, opportunity [70, 100] Medium, Average [50, 70> Low, weakness, risk [0, 50> Weight Dimensions 40% Internacional Context {Average x1j} 40% Governance {Average x2j} 20% Lessons learned {Average x 3j} Weaknesses Strengths Threats Opportunities Internal External
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