2286 governance mode in which collective action becomes the primary route to obtain attention and resources, while the structural drivers of conflict remain largely untouched. Transformative coalitions differ in three interrelated ways. First, they are oriented toward changing the rules of the game rather than merely negotiating within them. This involves building institutional arrangements that can coordinate actors across scales, clarify roles and responsibilities, and reduce fragmentation in decision-making (Gustafsson et al. 2020). Second, they operate with a longer temporal horizon, recognizing that territorial transformations (particularly in conflict-prone mining corridors) cannot be governed through episodic crisis response (Nem Singh& Camba 2020). Third, they treat information as an infrastructure for collective action: not simply as evidence to support one side’s claims, but as a shared basis for problem definition, prioritization, and accountability (Pinzur 2021). In practice, this means investing in mechanisms that can produce credible territorial baselines, sustain participatory monitoring, and translate knowledge into negotiated commitments with follow-through. From this conceptual perspective, the relevance of transformative coalitions lies not only in their capacity to reconfigure actor alignments, but also in the institutional and informational infrastructures that make such reconfiguration possible. Studying how transformative coalitions emerge, stabilize, or fail therefore requires analytical devices capable of tracing rules of interaction, flows of information, and shifts in authority across time and scales. In this regard, the OTT is conceived not as a coalition in itself, but as a governance-oriented platform designed to make visible the conditions under which coalitions move beyond defensive or transactional logics. By structuring shared territorial information, enabling cross-actor engagement, and extending the temporal horizon of dialogue, the OTT provides an empirical and analytical lens through which the dynamics of coalition formation and transformation in conflict-prone extractive territories can be systematically examined. 3. TERRITORIAL TRANSFORMATION OBSERVATORY: AN ANALYTICAL AND GOVERNANCE INFRASTRUCTURE The OTT is conceived as a governance-oriented infrastructure designed to structure how territorial information is produced, shared, and mobilized across actors over time. Rather than operating as a single intervention or institutional forum, the OTT functions as a sustained platform that connects data generation, collective interpretation, and structured interaction among public authorities, private actors, civil society organizations, and local communities. Its core purpose is to make visible the patterns, asymmetries, and points of friction that shape territorial governance in conflict-prone extractive contexts, thereby enabling more informed and coordinated forms of engagement. By integrating information, interaction, and temporality, the OTT creates conditions for observing and influencing governance processes without substituting for political decision-making or conflict resolution mechanisms. It does not seek to arbitrate disputes or impose consensus, but to stabilize a shared evidentiary basis and procedural space through which actors can engage beyond episodic negotiations. In this sense, the OTT operates as an analytical and practical infrastructure that supports longer-term coordination, allowing governance dynamics to be examined, contested, and potentially reconfigured through sustained, evidence-informed interaction. The OTT is structured around a set of interrelated components that operate as governance mechanisms rather than technical features. The first component is the production and systematization of territorial data, which brings together quantitative and qualitative information on social dynamics, environmental conditions, land use, and institutional arrangements. By consolidating dispersed and often contested data sources into a shared analytical framework, this component contributes to reducing informational asymmetries. More importantly, it establishes a common evidentiary reference that anchors dialogue in collectively recognized facts rather than competing claims. A second component is participatory monitoring, which extends the role of information beyond expert-driven assessment toward the co-production of meaning. Through the involvement of local actors in defining indicators, interpreting findings, and validating observations, monitoring becomes a relational process that links knowledge generation with territorial experience. This, in turn, supports the strengthening of local capacities by redistributing epistemic agency and enabling actors to engage with governance processes from a more informed and reflexive position. Finally, the OTT incorporates structured spaces of dialogue that are explicitly designed around agreed rules of interaction, temporal continuity, and multi-actor
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