2324 1.4 Land cover and land use Considering constructed and planned works, the Mirador Mine has an infrastructure footprint of 2,770 ha within a polygon of 3,915.81 ha. Of this area, 24.24% corresponds to native forest, 23.36% to secondary forest, and 52.4% to pasture and mining and public infrastructure. 1.5 Hydrographic context The project area lies within the Zamora River basin, specifically in the Quimi River sub-basin, near the border with Peru. This basin is part of the Santiago River hydrographic system, draining ultimately into the Amazon basin. Mining infrastructure for copper extraction is mainly located in the mid-to-lower part of the Wawayme River basin, where the pits, waste-rock dumps, and the processing plant are located. For construction and operation of the Tundayme tailings facility, the river of the same name was rerouted. The Wawayme River basin originates on the western foothills of the Cordillera del Cóndor and has an area of 34.14 km² and an approximate length of 9.1 km. It is characterized by torrential behavior associated with steep slopes, sudden floods, and bedload transport. In some sectors, streams have been channelized and diverted into interceptor channels. Geomorphologically, the basin ranges from 797.26 to 2,115.08 m a.s.l., with a mean slope of 32.51%, confirming its mountainous nature. Drainage density is moderate (2.16 km/km²) and torrentiality is medium, while estimated time of concentration is 25.46 minutes. Figure 1. Wawayme River near its confluence with the Quimi River
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