540 In the context of increasing global demand for critical minerals, improving predictability, reducing operational variability, and strengthening data transparency are essential components of responsible mineral supply. The framework presented in this work contributes to this objective by enabling more consistent, traceable, and analytically supported drilling operations. Its modular and scalable design makes it adaptable to other large-scale mining environments facing similar technological fragmentation challenges. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors acknowledge the support of the operational, drilling, and OT technical teams who contributed to field data acquisition and system validation. Their commitment and collaboration were fundamental to aligning the proposed digital architecture with real operational requirements. The authors also recognize the institutional support that enabled the development of this work within a large-scale mining environment. REFERENCES [1] OPC Foundation, OPC HDA Specification Version 1.20, 2015. [2] ISO, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 – Information Security Management Systems – Requirements, International Organization for Standardization, 2022. [3] W. Huamán and J. Gómez, “Sistema de monitoreo en tiempo real para el control de vibraciones en perforación,” PERUMIN 35 – Foro TIS, 2022. [4] K. Petrick and M. Kaiser, “Historical Data Access (HDA) over OPC in process industries: Challenges and solutions,” Journal of Industrial Automation, vol. 12, pp. 77–86, 2017. [5] M. A. Calle and S. M. Chero, “Private LTE Network Service Management Model,” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA), vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 414–422, 2021. [6] R. Chau, “Design and Deployment of LTE Networks in Harsh Environments,” Proc. IEEE COMSNETS, 2019. [7] J. M. Gonzales and R. S. Córdova, “Estandarización de interfaces OPC para interoperabilidad de datos en sistemas SCADA,” Revista de Automatización y Control Industrial, vol. 29, pp. 44–52, 2022. [8] Kepware Technologies, OPC Connectivity Suite: Technical Overview, 2022. [9] V. Campero and C. Flores, “Análisis de señales en sistemas industriales usando OPC y SCADA,” Memorias de la Asociación de Metalurgia y Materiales, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 12–19, 2013. [10] n8n GmbH, Automating Data Workflows with n8n – Open Source Integration Platform, 2023.
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