multiple sites. In these areas, a high concentration of interactions with elevated severity indicators was observed within a limited spatial region, with accumulated severity levels close to the highrisk threshold defined by the expert system. These results were visualized in the spatial risk monitoring dashboard, allowing safety specialists to review recurrent interaction patterns and evaluate their operational context. The analysis revealed consistent behavioral patterns in which light vehicles initiated braking late when approaching haul truck paths, frequently remaining within blind-spot regions. Figure 7 – Schematic spatial hotspot identified at a mixed-traffic haul truck–light vehicle intersection. Typical reconstructed scenarios showed vehicle separations on the order of a few meters, reflecting interaction patterns associated with elevated operational risk according to the contextual severity indicators. Three representative schematic events associated with this type of hotspot are shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 – Schematic reconstruction of representative high-severity interaction scenarios at mixedtraffic intersections. These scenarios illustrate a common interaction pattern consistently observed across the analyzed operations. The analysis supported practical safety recommendations, including adjustments to stop-control positioning and local traffic organization, consistent with the behavioral patterns identified in these scenarios. More generally, the spatial risk indicator can be monitored over subsequent operational periods to evaluate the effectiveness of such preventive measures, supporting continuous, data-driven safety management aligned with operational risk interpretation.
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