reduction in the decision-making process (Xu et al., 2025). In this framework, the agent can now decide when and where to take measurements of more involved feedstock characteristics such as texture or mineralogy, balancing their cost against the potential for improved process prediction and product quality. That an MDP-formulated MCTS solver can already outperform MILP in most cases indicates the promise of considering uncertainty, but the true benefit lies in incorporating uncertainty reduction as a POMDP. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank Bassma Azzamouri (UM6P) and Hajar Zouhair (UM6P) for valuable discussions. REFERENCES Azzamouri, B., & Hovelaque, V. (2024, April). An integrated steering approach to improve a phosphate supply chain efficiency. In Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal (Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 229-245). Taylor & Francis. Azzamouri, B., Hovelaque, V., & Giard, V. (2024). Integrated tactical continuous production planning of two blending systems sharing supply sources: the case of a phosphate supply chain. International Journal of Production Research, 62(19), 6941-6960. Bamoumen, M., Hovelaque, V., & Giard, V. (2024). Combined modelling of production of merchantable phosphoric ores using parallel processors and their transportation by pipeline. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 192, 110168. Kabemba, A. M., Mutombo, K., & Waters, K. E. (2025). Towards a Dynamic Optimisation of Comminution Circuit Under Geological Uncertainties. Processes, 13(2), 443. Kochenderfer, M. J., Wheeler, T. A., & Wray, K. H. (2022). Algorithms for decision making. MIT press. Kumar, A., & Dimitrakopoulos, R. (2021). Production scheduling in industrial mining complexes with incoming new information using tree search and deep reinforcement learning. Applied Soft Computing, 110, 107644. Levinson, Z., Dimitrakopoulos, R., & Keutchayan, J. (2023). Simultaneous stochastic optimization of an open-pit mining complex with preconcentration using reinforcement learning. Applied Soft Computing, 138, 110180. Saavedra, M., Risso, N., Momayez, M., Nunes, R., Tenorio, V., & Zhang, J. (2025). Blending Characterization for Effective Management in Mining Operations. Minerals, 15(9), 891.
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