efficiency in large-scale flotation cells. Conversely, the stator more effectively dampened interface oscillations under aerated conditions. These findings have direct implications for coarse particle flotation performance. Operation with baffles reduced the impeller speed and overall power input, indicating lower turbulence levels. This reduction in turbulence is expected to minimise bubble-particle detachment, which is particularly beneficial for coarse particles. In contrast, the stator’s ability to suppress interface oscillations translates into a more stable pulp-froth interface, which can decrease the loss of coarse particles through drop-back, thereby improving froth recovery. Overall, the results highlight a trade-off between two mechanisms that are critical to coarse particle flotation: (i) reduced bubble-particle detachment when operating with baffles, and (ii) enhanced froth recovery due to improved interface stability when operating with a stator. A potential mitigation strategy for excessive oscillations when operating with baffles is the use of a froth mesh, which could act as a physical barrier protecting the interface from turbulence originating in the pulp. Tests with a froth mesh have also been conducted and the results will be presented in a subsequent publication. Future work will investigate whether improvements in particle suspension and reductions in interface oscillations translate into enhanced coarse particle flotation recovery. Improved recovery of coarse particles can reduce grinding requirements, resulting in substantial energy savings. Furthermore, coarse particle flotation facilitates water recovery and tailings management, delivering both economic and environmental benefits to the mining industry.
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