The integration of Dynamic Process Simulation (DPS) and Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) analysis follows a structured, iterative workflow that continuously refines both models to improve design confidence and operational feasibility. Step A: Initial DPS Model: A baseline dynamic simulation is developed to characterise core process behaviour and establish key performance indicators (KPIs) under nominal operating conditions. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/PROCESS-SIMULATION-FOR-IMPROVED-PLANT-DESIGN-SchugNees/73c4a2c4f377e680e3da2708baa8103fbe7bef59/figure/0 Figure 1. Dynamic Model of Grinding Circuit 1 Figure 2. Typical Mass Balance for Steady-State Grinding Circuit Model Step B: Initial RAM Analysis: An initial RAM model—typically created using tools such as ReliaSoft Availability Workbench, AREL, or Maros — uses available reliability data to identify equipment bottlenecks and estimate system availability. https://www.ors-consulting.com/reliability-availability-maintainability Figure 3. Typical RAM model input
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