158 o Overall, the stabilization system demonstrated a substantial reduction in contaminant mobility, with treated samples consistently meeting regulatory thresholds and showing progressive improvement with curing time. • The untreated soil exhibited severe Fe leaching (up to 80.7 mg/L), with leaching increasing with the initial contamination level. • Cement stabilization (10%) reduced leachate Fe to ≤0.49 mg/L across 3 - –28 days, consistently below the quantification limit (0.50 mg/L). • Incorporation of 2% Duraflex by weight of cement further decreased concentrations to ≤0.43 mg/L, with values approaching the detection limit (0.17 mg/L). • Slight reductions in curing time indicate progressive hydration and matrix refinement. • These results demonstrate that the addition of Duraflex enhances immobilization efficiency beyond conventional cement stabilization, effectively limiting contaminant solubility and transport. The enhanced performance of the cement - –Duraflex system reflects synergistic chemical precipitation, adsorption onto hydration products, and reduced pore connectivity, collectively restricting Fe solubility and transport. TCLP/SPLP testing confirmed sustained immobilization of heavy metals and organic compounds. 5. FIELD APPLICATION -– INDUSTRIAL BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT (UK) A major redevelopment project in Belfast required remediation of approximately 24,000 m³ of hydrocarbon and heavy metal-contaminated soils. Implementation outcomes: • On-site stabilization and reuse • Elimination of landfill disposal • Regulatory reclassification to inert status • Long-term structural reuse beneath residential development The project demonstrated that mineral stabilization can meet stringent UK environmental and public health standards. 6. DISCUSSION 6.1 Interpretation of Results The data indicate that mineral stabilization provides: • Geochemical immobilization beyond simple dilution • Mechanical enhancement enabling structural reuse • Long-term durability under variable environmental conditions 6.2 Barriers and Enablers Barriers: • Regulatory conservatism • Perception of long-term uncertainty
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTM0Mzk2