1 13 c) ČSA Mine - Czech Republic, profile 7, slip surface derived from maximum shear strain at FS =0.92 d) Turów Open Pit Mine – Poland, slip surface derived from maximum shear strain at FS =3.33 Figure 4 – The results of stability analyses for potential sites (1), (2), (3) and (4) 4.3 Technology demonstrator description The Rail-Mounted Gravity Energy Storage (RM-GES) demonstrator represents a smallscale implementation of a mechanical energy storage technology developed within the GrEnMine project. The demonstrator is designed to validate the technical feasibility, operational safety, and performance characteristics of gravity-based energy storage systems dedicated to post-mining areas. The RM-GES concept is based on the reversible conversion of electrical energy into gravitational potential energy through the controlled movement of a solid storage mass along an inclined rail track. During charging, electrical energy from the grid or renewable sources powers an electromechanical system that transports the mass from the lower station to the upper station. In the discharging mode, the mass descends under gravity, and the same drive system operates in regenerative mode, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The demonstrator consists of a rail-mounted transporter chassis, a structural lifting platform carrying the storage masses, a rail track system based on standard railway components, and an electromechanical drive unit equipped with braking and safety systems (Fig. 5). The mechanical structure has been designed using detailed CAD models and verified through finite element analyses, including strength and buckling simulations. These analyses ensure safe operation under static and dynamic loads expected during charging and discharging cycles.
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