174 closure period, ● (ii) the development of an integrated transformation system concept combining mine water management, mineral resource recovery, renewable energy integration, and methane capture and utilization. The methodological framework was designed in a modular and scalable manner, enabling its adaptation and replication in other mining facilities characterized by hydrogeological, geochemical, and infrastructural conditions typical of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. 3.1 Stage 1 - Technical analysis of the Brzeszcze Mining Plant The first stage involved the identification and characterization of key material and energy flows associated with the operation of the mine, both at the final stage of extraction and in the long-term period following closure. The analysis was based on available operational data, literature sources, and representative reference values for hard coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The primary focus of the analysis was mine water inflow. An average flow rate of 8,000– 12,000 m³/day was assumed, accounting for seasonal and multiannual variability. The total dissolved solids concentration was estimated at 30–60 g/dm³, with chloride and sulfate ions as dominant components. These hydrochemical characteristics justify the application of advanced separation technologies capable of significantly reducing the salt load discharged to surface water bodies. In parallel, an assessment of the existing energy infrastructure was conducted, including grid connection capacity, the configuration of internal distribution networks, and the potential for integrating additional generation sources. It was assumed that the technical conditions would permit the connection of renewable energy installations with a capacity of several megawatts without major expansion of grid infrastructure. A significant element of the first stage was the assessment of the accessibility of post-mining land for technological and energy purposes. The reference scenario assumed the possibility of developing 10–15 hectares of degraded land, unused for production purposes, which corresponds to the potential for locating photovoltaic installations with a capacity of 5–10 MWp. Key parameters and characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 – Key parameters of the Brzeszcze Mine transformation model (reference variant) Parameter Unit Appr ox. value Mine water flow m³/day 8 000 – 12 000 Salinity reduction % 60 – 85 PV installation capacity MWp 5 – 10
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