103 Abnormal movement of ground (Subsidence) Mine Fire/ explosion Ignition of combustible substance Ignition of coal gas/dust resulting in fire/explosion Ignition/heating from chemical substances (incl batteries) Equipment fire Infrastructure fire [double up with infrastructure] Inundation/ Inrush Uncontrolled flow of fluids or materials into occupiable area Engulfment of vehicle on stockpile Inrush into mine workings Natural disasters Extreme weather - hot, cold, drought, flood Exposure to Natural disaster (e.g. Earthquake, Solar flare, Volcanic eruption) Exposure to public health disaster (e.g. Disease outbreak) Hostile interaction with external entities Unauthorised physical access Unauthorised cyber/digital access Hostile interaction with member of public Unauthorised impersonation of company personnel 3. CASE STUDY EXAMPLE Analysis has been done on a number of datasets. Consistently the analysis highlights that a subset of control failures are more prevalent in incidents. Figure 2 shows data produced from an analysis of surface mining vehicle accidents retrieved from the MSHA website. This analysis highlights that the failure of three controls contributed to approximately 60% of fatalities. Unfortunately, there was insufficient information in the reports to determine the reasons for control failures. As such, analysis of incident can highlight what some of the critical controls might be. However, it should not be the sole source used to determine criticality as there are three significant caveats that need to be considered when interpreting this data. 1. The validity of the output depends on the quality and detail of the incident information. If incident investigations focus on “root cause” rather than “control failures” they typically do not produce good information on what controls were effective or ineffective and reasons why. 2. The validity of the output depends on the quality and the interpretation of the bowtie information 3. The analysis will not identify critical controls that are implemented and effective at preventing events as these events do not appear as incidents (e.g. in Australian data where there is rigor around stable parking, there are typically no runaway vehicle fatalities
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