257 SDG 9 SDG 9.1 infrastructure SDG 9.4 sustainable industrial upgrading SDG 9.5 research and innovation ● Northern Ontario has major mineral endowment, processing facilities, export infrastructure, mining hubs, and service ecosystems. ● Sudbury is described as an internationally recognized mining cluster. ● At the same time, innovation output is only about 35 patents per million residents, below the rural Canadian average of 55, and the report repeatedly notes fragmentation in the innovation ecosystem. SD G 10 SDG 10.2 social and economic inclusion SDG 10.3 equal opportunity ● The report shows that mining subregions helped narrow the Indigenous income gap faster than non-mining areas. ● Indigenous workers account for almost 15% of the mining workforce. ● Yet Indigenous Peoples still have incomes about 14% below the regional average and face much worse housing and service outcomes. SD G 11 SDG 11.1 adequate housing SDG 11.3 inclusive planning SDG 11.a stronger regional development linkages ● Municipalities struggle with access to land, housing affordability, industrial land, and construction costs. ● Homelessness rose sharply. ● Smaller and remote municipalities face service delivery and planning capacity challenges. ● The report recommends stronger local planning, housing partnerships, and better municipal funding tools. SD G 12 SDG 12.2 sustainable use of natural resources SDG 12.4 environmentally sound management of waste and chemicals SDG 12.6 corporate sustainability reporting ● Increasing adoption of responsible mining standards and ESG practices, though not consistently applied. ● Presence of abandoned mines (5,000+ sites) and environmental legacy issues. ● Strengthening of monitoring systems and Indigenous-led environmental stewardship initiatives. SD G 13 SDG 13.2 climate integration into planning ● The report emphasizes low emissions intensity of the power system and the importance of minerals to decarbonisation and clean-energy transitions. ● But it also notes the need to balance competitiveness with environmental safeguards and responsible mining. SD G 14 SDG 14.1 reducing water pollution SDG 14.2 protecting aquatic ecosystems ● Northern Ontario contains extensive freshwater systems (lakes, rivers, Great Lakes basin). ● Historical mining activity caused acidification of thousands of lakes and mercury contamination in fish. ● Ongoing efforts include Indigenous-led water monitoring and restoration initiatives.
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