295 Figure 1 - Key pillars for the initial stage of METRHI Two main pillars have been identified to promote the METRHI: an institutional pillar and a technical pillar. First, the institutional pillar is structured around the participation of three key actors in the territory: the National Water Authority (ANA) and its deconcentrated bodies, the local government of Ichuña, and the Buenaventura Mining Company. Beyond their participation, these actors contribute internal mechanisms that are critical to the development and legitimacy of governance spaces such as METRHI. A central element in this regard is the legal framework governing the establishment, creation, and operation of Water Resources Thematic Roundtables, particularly Supreme Resolution No. 170-2021-ANA, which establishes the guidelines for the functioning of the SNGRH at the level of smaller hydrographic units. Additional normative frameworks include the Water Resources Law and its Regulations, as well as the Organizational and Functions Regulation (ROF) of the ANA. This regulatory and functional framework, especially as it relates to the deconcentrated bodies of the water authority, namely the Administrative Water Authorities (AAA) and Local Water Administrations (ALA), is essential for the institutional support and long-term sustainability of METRHI, given that water governance processes are anchored both in national regulations and in the functional mandates assigned to ANA’s deconcentrated entities. Within this institutional pillar, the role of the San Gabriel Mining Project is framed by Buenaventura’s corporate policy on social responsibility and community relations, defined under an approach of shared social responsibility. Under this approach, the mining project assumes a catalytic role in development processes and social investment initiatives, as far as these are linked to strengthening the State’s role in territorial development. At the same time, mining is conceived as one actor among others, seeking to move beyond bilateral negotiation processes to participate in more holistic and integrated spaces that support water governance and management. Within such spaces, all actors play a collaborative role, exercising not only rights but also shared responsibilities within the framework of IWRM.
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