integration of electrical power supply within mine design and sequencing, particularly for high-energy-demand equipment such as electric shovels and electric drillers. Traditionally, electrical planning is addressed in detail only from a short-term operational perspective, typically after the mine design has been defined, with the primary objective of maintaining operational continuity. This reactive approach introduces multiple operational constraints and technical risks that could otherwise be anticipated through broader, longer-term planning horizons, ultimately affecting mining sequence efficiency, equipment productivity, and operational stability. Key operational issues were commonly observed in relation to the interaction between electrical infrastructure and mining activities. As mining advanced, trailing cable lengths progressively increased, leading to voltage drop, higher energy losses, and reduced operational efficiency. Extended downtime was also required to re‑energize equipment following blasting events, contributing to reduced effective utilization of electric shovels. Additional challenges included safety risks associated with installing poles and overhead electrical lines in geotechnically unstable areas, as well as recurrent damage to electrical infrastructure caused by evolving mining phases or proximity to blasting zones. In several cases, active mining phases had to be interrupted to allow electrical supply reconfiguration, directly impacting short‑term planning continuity. These issues were further exacerbated by limited on‑site inventory available to electrical maintenance teams, resulting in delays in infrastructure deployment such as poles and associated equipment. Moreover, electrical installations often exhibited shortened service life, as infrastructure was placed in areas later mined and therefore required premature removal and reinstallation, increasing both capital and operational expenditures. Overall, the lack of systematic integration between electrical supply design and long‑term mine planning was identified as a critical gap constraining operational efficiency and project value optimization. 2. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE 2.1 Objectives The objective of this study is to establish technical criteria and guidelines for integrating electrical infrastructure into open pit mine design and planning, positioning power supply as an early planning variable, and improving alignment between the spatial positioning of electrical equipment and infrastructure and the progressive deepening and evolution of the pit. 2.2 Scope This study was conducted at a single large-scale open pit cooper mine in southern Peru and considers a five-year planning horizon. At the time of the study, the mine was operating two active adjacent pits, each with two defined future cutback phases. Long-term mine plans considered the progressive integration of both pit into a single, larger open pit. The dynamic evolution of pit geometry, combined with the interaction between short, medium, and long-term planning horizons, makes this case representative of
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