OFFICIAL diagonals x . y [mm] 102 . 177 (±3%) 102 . 177 (±3%) 102 . 173 (±5%) circle inside the rhombus [mm] 80 (±3%) 80 (±3%) 80 (±5%) spiral angle [º] 49º 49º 49º mesh height htot [mm] 12.5 (±1.5) 15.0 (±1.5) 17.0 (±1.0) mesh clearance hi [mm] 6.5 (±1.5) 7.0 (±1.5) 8.0 (±1.0) meshes longitudinal nl [pcs/ m] 5.6 5.6 5.8 meshes transversal nq [pcs/ m] 9.8 9.8 9.8 tensile strength zi [kN/m ] 110 190 300 wire diameter d [mm] 3.0 4.0 4.6 wire quality fy [MPa] ≥ 1770 ≥ 1770 ≥ 1770 wire test resistance [kN] 12.5 22.2 29.4 wire coating Zn95Al5 [g/m2] ≥ 150 ≥ 150 ≥ 150 8. ADVANTAGES OF MECHANISED APPLICATION OF GROUND SUPPORT Application of ground support (mechanised, remote, or autonomous rock bolting, mesh installation, and shotcrete spraying) offers an increase in underground safety, geotechnical performance, and reliability. The main advantages of application are: eliminate personnel exposure in high‑risk areas enable earlier and time‑critical installation of support ensure consistent and repeatable installation quality improve compliance with geotechnical design enable the safe use of cutting‑edge dynamic support systems reduce human and organisational risk enhance productivity without compromising safety provide full traceability and data generation form the basis for people‑light and autonomous mining Ground support is not an incremental enhancement; it is a critical safety control and a major improvement in ground control, enabling modern high-performance mining. Table 9 compares aspects in the application of mechanised in front former manual support. Table 9 - Comparison between manual and mechanised support Aspect Manual Mechanised Worker exposure High Very low Unsupported time Variable Minimal Installation quality Operator-dependent Repeatable Advanced support Limited Fully feasible Human-factor risk High Low Traceability Poor Excellent
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