OFFICIAL analysis. Research into higher-frequency transmission and adapted oil-industry technologies with lower data rates is ongoing. Figure 4 - The bi-static BHR data acquired from a borehole filled with conductive water (high salinity) in Canada: (a) Raw bi-static BHR profile with borehole guided waves; (b) Enhanced guided wave events, after suppressing the direct arrivals and with 0.05 µs AGC applied. The RQD log in (b) has a high value to the right. (c) Same as (b) with direct reflected joints highlighted. 3. CROSS-FERTILIZATION WITH AEROSPACE Recent collaborations between CSIRO, Boeing, NASA and the ISS National Laboratory demonstrate how mining R&D can translate into aerospace-grade perception and mapping, and visa-versa. CSIRO’s Multi‑Resolution Scanner (MRS) payload has been developed through this collaboration to integrate two key technologies, namely Stereo‑Depth Fusion (SDF) with Wildcat SLAM, both currently being deployed in the mining sector. The payload was launched to the International Space Station in March 2024 and is currently in operation onboard NASA’s Astrobee free-flying robots (Smith et. al., 2016), generating high‑fidelity 3D maps, validating multi‑sensor fusion (stereo, time‑of‑flight & inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors) for autonomous mapping in complex environments (Elmouttie et. al., 2024). The SDF approach, borne from CSIRO’s original photogrammetry technology for geotechnical mapping (Poropat 2001) and further developed to overcome limitations of passive stereo in texture‑poor scenes by fusing prior range knowledge, has also been further developed with Boeing for manufacturing quality assurance and end‑effector tracking, showing that high‑speed, high‑accuracy 3D imaging can reduce inspection latency and enable precise robotic operations on large airframe assemblies. The same fusion principle directly benefits mining by stabilizing long‑range photogrammetry with potential improvements in 3D change detection on slopes, benches and highwalls where illumination, dust and geometry challenge single‑sensor methods. (Elmouttie & Dean 2021). Such cross-discipline exchange accelerates technology progression (Figure 5) and the development of novel sensing and monitoring technologies. Indeed, the development of
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