OFFICIAL 5. CONCLUSIONS This paper presented a Quantitative Flyrock Risk Management Framework developed to address the persistent challenge of flyrock in large-scale surface mining. By integrating predictive modelling, systematic monitoring, rigorous measurement, and closed-loop management, the framework transforms flyrock control from a reactive afterthought into a proactive, data-driven practice. Implemented across five Anglo American mine sites, it has demonstrated benefits: more accurate hazard prediction, heightened awareness and reporting of flyrock events, evidence-based adjustments to blasting practices, and a pathway to optimizing safety zones and provides a case for progressively optimizing blast restrictions as confidence in site specific flyrock behaviour increases. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to thank the management and drill and blast teams at the participating Anglo American mine sites for their cooperation and invaluable feedback during the framework implementation and want to acknowledge support from the Group Mining team during this process. REFERENCES Enaex Core (Chile), 2026. DetoVision FlyRock Trials for Anglo American. Unpublished report. GroundProbe, 2023. BlastVision Trials for Anglo American South Africa. Unpublished report (Orica Digital Solutions). International Organization for Standardization, 2023. Risk Management — Guidelines (ISO 31000:2018). [Online] Available at: https://www.iso.org/standard/65694.html#lifecycle. McKenzie, C. K., Kharitonenko, I., Papillon, B. E. & Popov, P., 2015. An automated system for flyrock and fume monitoring of blasts. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting. Sydney. Papillon, B. E. et al., 2018. Methods and system for blasting video analysis. United States, Patent No. US 9,995,843 B2. Raina, A. K., 2023. Flyrock in Surface Mining: Origin, Prediction, and Control. 1st ed. Oxon: CRC Press. Stojadinović, S., Pantović, R. & Žikić, M., 2011. Prediction of flyrock trajectories for forensic applications using ballistic flight equations. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 48(7), pp. 1086–1094.
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