Figure 4 Transformation of Tailings Management: Evolution from Conventional Process to Commingling| ● Operational parameters and assumptions Commingling extends tailings facility life by optimizing spatial use of waste rock voids. Implementation requires mechanized systems (WCCS) for transporting crushed material mixed with dewatered tailings, while maintaining two key operational parameters: a) Unchanged transport capacity: 83.2 Mtpa in the conveyor system and b) Volumetric stability: No increase in total volume of waste rock dump. This approach ensures efficient resource utilization and supports sustainable mine operations. Table 1: Key operational parameters and assumptions Component Units Without - Case Conventional With - Case Commingling Cycloned/Filtered Max. Capacity Mtpa - 32.0 Percentage of Voids in Waste Rock % Volume 20 % Waste Rock / Tailings Ratio Mt Rock/ Mt Tails - 83 / 16 Conventional Tailings Density t/m3 1.81 1.81 Fines Tailings Density t/m3 NA 1.60 106
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