Figure 9: Antamina Value Drivers: Financial Perspective with Commingling The optimization of land use represents another important economic benefit, especially relevant in mountainous locations like Antamina where available land for mining facilities is limited. Commingling allows for the creation of deposits with a smaller footprint compared to separate facilities, freeing up land for other productive uses or reducing the need for additional land acquisition. ALIGNMENT WITH GISTM STANDARDS AND SUSTAINABILITY The integration of commingling into mine planning strengthens compliance with the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM), by facilitating safer and more sustainable management of waste materials. The GISTM requires the planning, construction, operation, and closure of tailings facilities with a focus on risk reduction and continuous monitoring throughout the lifecycle. Commingling contributes to this objective by improving the geotechnical and geochemical stability of deposits, reducing the risk of failure and acid drainage generation, which in turn reduces environmental impact and long-term treatment costs. Additionally, the consolidation of facilities through commingling reduces the environmental footprint and facilitates supervision and control, aligning with the principles of sustainability and social responsibility in the mining industry. LESSONS LEARNED AND CHALLENGES Among the main lessons learned and challenges of implementing commingling in mine planning at Antamina, the following stand out: 111
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