Appeasemen t Involve Environmental monitoring committees R2: Text production and community journalism The community produces content, it doesn't just give opinions Partnership Collaborate Scarce: Antamina's multi-stakehold er model is getting closer R3-R4: Audiovisual Production and Social Research Co-production of information and evidence Delegated power Empower Not documented in Top 5 R5: Situational diagnoses and project fact sheets The community generates its own planning tools Citizen oversight — Undocumented Complete circuit + anchoring in the public library network Self-management of territorial knowledge Source: Prepared by the author based on Arnstein (1969), IAP2 (2018) and design of the Nuestros Saberes program. As Table 2 shows, the conventional social management practices of Peru's five largest mining companies operate predominantly at the levels of information and consultation—the intermediate steps on the participation spectrum. Antamina's Multi-Actor Model, with its 14 development roundtables, approaches the level of partnership , but without achieving the systematic co-production of information. Nuestros Saberes, on the other hand, is structurally positioned at the higher levels—partnership, delegated power, and citizen oversight—because its design not only consults the community but also transforms it into a producer of information, a generator of evidence, and a manager of its own territorial knowledge. This distinction is critical: while conventional models ask the community what it thinks (consultation), Nuestros Saberes provides the means for the community to produce the information that underpins its thoughts, decisions, and proposals (empowerment). The difference between "being consulted" and "producing one's own information" is the difference between symbolic participation and effective citizen power (Arnstein, 1969). 4.2 IFC Social and Environmental Performance Standards The IFC's Environmental and Social Sustainability Performance Standards establish requirements throughout the investment cycle. SD1 underscores the importance of integrated assessment, effective community participation based on information disclosure and consultation, and the management of environmental and social performance throughout the project. For Nuestros Saberes, SD1 is relevant because it creates conditions for informed and sustained participation, reducing information asymmetries. SD7 is critical in territories with Indigenous peoples, requiring culturally appropriate processes. SD8 guides the identification, protection, and 76
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