28 29 cerro de pasco The greatest investment of the XXth century Alfred W. McCune Phoebe Hearst Darius Odgen Mills Michel P. Grace Born in India and by the end of his days he had become a railway builder, mining operator and U.S. politician. He owned mining properties in Canada, Montana and Utah. Since 1887, he began to investigate the potential of the Pasco region, in a partnership with James Ali Haggin, and during the last three decades of his life he focussed on this part of Peru. In 1902, he took the initiative of founding the Cerro de Pasco Investment Company, and that same year the Peruvian government granted him the concession to build the Huacho-Cerro de Pasco railway. At the age of 19 she married mining and finance tycoon George Hearst, known as the greatest expert in mining prospection on the Pacific coast and a promoter of the Hearst, Haggin, Tevin and Co. fund. Phoebe was the benefactor of many educational institutions, especially the University of California at Berkeley and is also remembered as one of the first women activists in U.S. politics. Along with other courageous women she led the suffragettes’ movement, which in the end would achieve female voting rights in the United States. He was a prominent U.S. banker and philanthropist, born in New York. In 1849 he went to California along with two of his brothers, attracted by the gold rush. In Sacramento he founded his own bank, the Gold Bank of D.O. Mills and Co., chiefly financing railway construction and mining companies. Some time later, along with other investors he founded the Bank of California, and acted as its president for two terms. While he lived, he became the richest man in California. British entrepreneur who resided in Peru, chairman of W. R. Grace and Company and Founder of Grace Brothers and Co. After the War with Chile he created a consortium that would finance the reconstruction and stabilisation of Peru. He crafted the controversial Grace Contract which, among other things, paid off Peru’s international debt in exchange for the cession for a period of 66 years of the railways and the exploitation of the mineral resources and the guano. Grace’s business concerns would extend southwards to Chile where he created Grace & Co. to exploit the saltpetre there. (1849–1927) (1842–1919) (1825–1910) (1842–1920) James B. Ali Haggin Jean Pieremont “JP” Morgan Henry Clay Frick Hamilton McKown Twombly U.S. lawyer, rancher, and investor, he made a huge fortune at the end of the gold rush in his country. Together with his partner, the attorney Lloyd Tevis, he acquired the Rancho del Paso in Sacramento and created the Hearst, Haggin, Tevis and Co. investment fund, which would go on to become the largest mining corporation in the United States and owner of the Anaconda Copper Mine in Montana, the Ontario Silver Mine in Utah and Homestake Mine in South Dakota. A successful U.S. banker and financier who drove its industrial consolidation in the second half of the XIXth century. Thanks to his devotion to efficiency, he contributed to the modernisation and transformation in the way of doing business in the United States. By the end of his life he had shares in fifteen great industrial corporations in different sectors: mining, electrical, telephone, trade, steel, naval, etc. and in 25 railway lines throughout the United States. A prominent figure in the steel and coal sectors in the heyday of the industrial era. He founded Frick and Co., a leading producer of coke, a key component in the steel industry, where he was a partner of Andrew Carnegie. He was chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company and became a very controversial figure among the union members due to his attachment to safety standards, the reduction in the labour force and his obsession with efficiency. He was a businessman who had graduated from Harvard. He first became a financial adviser to William Henry Vanderbilt, an entrepreneur who owned some twenty railway companies (New York, Chicago, New Jersey, etc.). He subsequently became Vanderbilt’s son-in-law on marrying his daughter, Florence Vanderbilt Twombly. When his father-in-law passed away he was appointed director of the companies of the railway empire and representative for the many business interests of the Vanderbilt clan. He died “of a broken heart” after the demise of his son, Hamilton, Jr. in an accident. (1822 – 1914) (1837–1913) (1849–1919) (1849–1910) THE FOUNDERS
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