To support this, 4D BIM was used to analyse the pre-shutdown, shutdown, and post-shutdown stages, including evaluation of the optimal crane positioning for lifting operations. The following improvements were achieved: • Optimal crane positioning for lifting the crusher and other components. • Identification of mechanical and electrical clashes, enabling relocation and installation during the pre-shutdown stage. • Safe work sequencing for mechanical, electrical, civil, and earthworks disciplines during the shutdown phase for the primary crusher. • Safe and appropriate work sequencing for civil and mechanical works on the coarse ore bin and grizzly during the shutdown. • Identification of necessary activities to ensure proper operation and commissioning of the crushing system during the post-shutdown stage. RAM Analysis (Reliability, Availability and Maintainability) This analysis was developed in greater depth during the Basic Engineering stage to improve operational reliability, availability, and maintainability of the crushing system. The analysis was integrated into the BIM model and supported by ICE sessions in collaboration with the O&M user. The following value improvements were achieved: • Installation of an overhead crane to improve maintainability time and mechanical availability of auxiliary equipment in the crushing system. • Validation of the optimal location for the overhead crane to ensure reliability and minimise installation clashes. • Installation of a dust extraction system to ensure O&M reliability. • Optimisation of the monorail beam location for maintenance purposes. Additionally, a HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) workshop was proposed at the end of the Detailed Engineering stage to ensure operational risk mitigation prior to the construction phase. Final Metrics The results of the applied research were obtained up to December 2020. The evolution of the metrics and controllable factors for each dimension of the VDC framework are summarised below in Figure 7:
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