This study demonstrates that the proposed VDC-based framework is not limited to a single project context but can be replicated across mining operations globally, particularly in brownfield environments with high coordination complexity. The integration of BIM, ICE, and PPM provides a structured and scalable approach that can be adapted to different commodities, plant configurations, and operational constraints, enabling consistent improvements in project delivery performance. 6. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the integration of VDC with BIM, ICE, and PPM constitutes a step-change in the way shutdown projects can be designed and delivered in mining operations. From the Owner’s perspective, the implementation of this framework enabled a significant improvement in project performance, achieving over 95% O&M user satisfaction, early identification and resolution of 96% of clashes, and a 26% reduction in design variability. Most notably, decision-making latency was reduced from an average of 5 days to 25 minutes, enabling real-time collaborative problem solving in a highly constrained execution environment. These results highlight that the value of VDC lies not only in the use of individual tools, but in the integration of people, processes, and technology under a unified delivery model. This integrated approach enhances constructability, operability, and maintainability while reducing execution risk in brownfield projects. Importantly, this paper provides evidence of a scalable and replicable framework applicable to similar shutdown projects across the mining industry. The approach can be extended to other highcomplexity environments where coordination, safety, and time constraints are critical. Finally, the study positions VDC as a foundational element for the next generation of digital project delivery, enabling future integration with digital twins, real-time performance analytics, and AIassisted planning. This aligns directly with the industry’s need to accelerate project delivery while maximising value from existing assets under the “Mining for the Future” vision. • From the Owner’s perspective, the implementation of the VDC methodology and its integration with Value Improving Practices (VIPs) enabled O&M user satisfaction to exceed 95%. • Basic and Detailed Engineering was delivered five days ahead of schedule (25/11/20 ≤ 30/11/20), with optimal use of 4D BIM through fabricability, constructability, and RAM analysis. • 96% of clashes and incompatibilities were identified and resolved early using the BIM model. Design reliability improved, achieving a PAC of 76%, and design variability was reduced by 26% through PPM. • The benefits of implementing VDC as a collaborative management methodology were confirmed. When integrated with VIPs and supported by 4D BIM, it enables a holistic and integrated project management approach throughout the asset lifecycle—clearly surpassing the benefits of implementing ICE, BIM, and PPM components in isolation.
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