117 4. Results 4.1 Rainfall Patterns in the Singrauli Region: A 10-Year Overview Figure 2 presents the monthly rainfall trends for the Singrauli region from 2015 to 2024. A pronounced anomaly is observed during August 2024, where rainfall levels sharply exceeded those recorded in the same month across all previous years. Unlike the relatively consistent monsoon distribution observed during earlier years, 2024 exhibits an exceptionally high rainfall intensity, underscoring the increasing unpredictability of monsoon behaviour. This abnormal surge significantly disrupted mining operations, inundated the bottom-most seams, and raised serious safety and geotechnical concerns. Figure 2: Rainfall (in mm) Statistics for last 10 years of NCL, Compiled from NCL operational records (2015–2024) 4.2 Extreme Rainfall Events Figure 3 highlights the top five monthly rainfall records observed over the last decade in the NCL operational area. Among these, August 2024 stands out distinctly, recording rainfall exceeding 1000 mm, nearly double that of the next highest values. 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00 Rainfall (in mm) 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTM0Mzk2