97 hazards and implement risk treatments that either eliminate or substitute the hazard or implement controls that manage the hazard to prevent unsafe situations occurring and mitigate unsafe situations to prevent occupational injuries and illnesses. However, over time the mining industry has continued to have workplace fatalities. In 2014 this prompted the International Council of Mining and Metals (ICMM) to investigate. Their findings determined that fatalities occurred because “people not properly identifying risks, controls not being in place, or the controls not being effectively implemented or maintained” (ICMM, 2013). In 2014 the ICMM commissioned research on how to improve the control of fatal mining risks. This work resulted in the publication of the ICMM’s Critical Control Management: Good Practice Guide (ICMM, 2015). Since its publication, many mining, and other high-risk sectors, companies have endeavored to implement the critical control approach with mixed results. Significant improvements were recorded as evidenced by the following statements:,.
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