advanced technologies, such as commingling, to improve storage capacity and ensure operational continuity until 2036 and beyond, thus maximizing the value of the mineral resource. ● Reduce Environmental Social Footprint: The strategic approach prioritizes reducing environmental and social impact through operation within the current footprint, increasing water availability through filtration, optimizing space use, and minimizing risks associated with tailings dams. Commingling contributes not only to technical and economic efficiency but also to sustainability objectives and corporate social responsibility. ● Reduce Capital and Operational Cost: The cost reduction strategy focuses on optimizing capital investments (CAPEX) and their schedule, as well as minimizing operational costs through strategic facility location and leveraging synergies to avoid duplicate infrastructure. This enables more efficient and profitable resource management. During the strategic planning phase, conceptual foundations for commingling implementation are established, including site characterization, regulatory framework development, and technical-economic feasibility analysis. ANALYSIS OF THE MINING SYSTEM WITH COMMINGLING APPLICATION Methodological Process Structure The methodological process is organized in sequential stages that ensure effective integration of commingling into mine planning: ● Comprehensive material evaluation: Detailed analysis of geotechnical and geochemical characteristics of available materials, identifying their suitability for mixtures and joint disposal. ● Mixture design development: Design of optimized mixtures that maximize desired properties of commingled material, such as low permeability and high stability, minimizing acid water generation and improving mechanical behavior of the deposit. ● Pilot test implementation: Execution of pilot and industrial scale tests to validate mixture performance and adjust design parameters according to results obtained under real operating conditions. ● Monitoring and adjustment: Establishment of continuous monitoring system to evaluate consolidation, stability, and geochemical behavior of deposits, allowing operational and design adjustments as new information is collected. IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR COMMINGLING IN MINE PLANNING Comparative Case Analysis The methodology applied at Antamina is based on Comparative Case Analysis, allowing for comprehensive review of the design and sequencing process of mining infrastructure, with 103
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