246 Clean technology funds support low-carbon technology deployment in developing countries. Key funds: Climate Investment Funds (CIF, 2008), World Bank Clean Technology Fund25 (CTF, 2008, US$5.5B), Green Climate Fund (GCF, 2010, US$10.3B), African Development Bank Sustainable Energy Fund (SEF, 2015, US$300M), FUNBIO (1999, R$500M), Green Climate Fund26 Asia Development Bank (2010, US$5B), Amazon Fund27 (Brazil, 2008, R$3.1B). These funds demonstrate multi-sectoral coordination potential for environmental policy. h.) Diffuse Rights and Climate Justice Funds: These funds support vulnerable populations through social transfers, green jobs training, and sustainable micro and small business practices, also defining PES guidelines. Example: Brazil’s Fund for the Defense of Diffuse Rights (FDD, Law 7.347/1985), protecting diffuse rights including the environment, funded by fines and voluntary contributions, managed by the Ministry of Justice. 3. DISCUSSION Six points for debate on promoting sustainable development from public revenues from natural resources: (i) Legitimacy vs. social control: Civil society has oversight rights, but low transparency, information asymmetry, technical complexity, and political resistance hinder control. Strengthening transparency and social control is a prerequisite for institutional alignment. (ii) Institutional overlap: Coexistence of various structures (endowments, sovereign funds, mandatory royalties, SNUC resources, TACs, climate funds, regional instruments) creates function overlap, competition, and resource dispersion. Alignment requires formal inter-institutional mechanisms and integrated planning. (iii)Governance fragmentation vs. possible model: Many governance structures hinder social oversight. A proposal is aligning these structures with Law No. 13.800/2019, which authorizes partnerships and execution terms with fund management organizations. (iv) Need for guiding parameters: Absence of common minimum rules (intergenerational savings, economic diversification targets, ESG criteria) hinders convergence. Developing guiding parameters and adopting international ESG and investment standards could serve as alignment references. 25 https://www.cif.org/topics/clean-technologies 26 The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was established under the Cancun Agreement in 2010 to assist developing countries in responding to global climate change. The Fund functions as a Financial Mechanism of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement.Vide: https://www.greenclimate.fund/about 27 https://www.fundoamazonia.gov.br/pt/transparencia/doacoes/
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